




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en">    <head>    <script language="JavaScript">var beforeload = (new Date()).getTime();var totalTime = 0;var clientTime = 0;var serverTime = 0;var XmlHttpObj1;function Sign(X) { return X>0 ? "+" : X<0 ? "-" : " " }function CreateXmlHttpObj1() {try {XmlHttpObj1 = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");}catch(e) {try{XmlHttpObj1 = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");}catch(oc) {XmlHttpObj1 = null;}}if(!XmlHttpObj1 && typeof XMLHttpRequest != "undefined") {XmlHttpObj1 = new XMLHttpRequest();}}function loadingTime() {//calculate the current time in afterloadvar afterload = (new Date()).getTime();//calculate the secondsclientTime = (afterload-beforeload)/1000;serverTime =  parseFloat(document.getElementById("serverTime").innerHTML);totalTime = (clientTime + serverTime).toFixed(3);document.getElementById("loadingtime").innerHTML = "and delivered in " + totalTime + " seconds";}function addLoadEvent(func) {var oldonload = window.onload;if (typeof window.onload != 'function') {window.onload = func;} else {window.onload = function() {if (oldonload) {oldonload();}func();}}}</script>    <title>SSRN JEL Code: J46</title>    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">    <meta name="robots" content="noindex">        <meta name="description" content="SSRN JEL Code: J46">        <meta name="keywords" content="SSRN, JEL Code: J46">        <link rel="search"              type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"  href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/opensearchdescription.xml"              title="SSRN" />    <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script></head>    <body class="new-layout"><div id="genericToastr" class="generic-toastr"><div class="toastr-icon"><i id="toastrIcon"></i></div><div id="toastrMessage" class="toastr-mesage"></div><div class="toastr-close"><i class="icon icon-gizmo-delete" onclick="closeToastr()"></i></div><div class="toastr-link"><a id="toastrLink" href="#"></a></div></div>    <script language="javascript">//Language functionsfunction changeLanguage1(language, response){$.ajax({url: '/AltLanguage_ajax.cfm?type=changeLanguage&partid=1&strCode=en',cache: false,success: function(data) {// Update values in cookiesSet_Cookie('SITEID',language,'-1','/','.ssrn.com','');Set_Cookie('SITEID',language,'1000','/','.ssrn.com','');// Finally, perform redirectionif (response == 'reload') {window.location.reload();}else {window.location.href=response;}}});}function Set_Cookie( name, value, expires, path, domain, secure ) {// set time, its in millisecondsvar today = new Date();today.setTime( today.getTime() );/*if the expires variable is set, make the correctexpires time, the current script below will setit for x number of days, to make it for hours,delete * 24, for minutes, delete * 60 * 24*/if ( expires ) {expires = expires * 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24;}var expires_date = new Date( today.getTime() + (expires) );document.cookie = name + "=" +escape( value ) +( ( expires ) ? ";expires=" + expires_date.toGMTString() : "" ) +( ( path ) ? ";path=" + path : "" ) +( ( domain ) ? ";domain=" + domain : "" ) +( ( secure ) ? ";secure" : "" );}/** We use this function when the language should be stripped from an object, like a form RADIO*/function getLanguage ( oObj ) {var specialChars = "!@#$^&%*()+=-[]\/{}|:<>?,.";// Need to clean up code if object came from Mura site.sCode = oObj.value;if (sCode.length > 2) {for (var i = 0; i < specialChars.length; i++) {sCode = sCode.replace(new RegExp("\\" + specialChars[i], 'gi'), '');}// After cleaning up special chars, we take the first two chars.sCode = sCode.substring(0,2).trim();}return sCode;}</script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfincludes/css/custom-bootstrap.min.css?v=410"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfincludes/css/custom.min.css?v=410"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfincludes/css/global.min.css?v=410"><link href="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-global-header/main.css?v=410" rel="stylesheet"><div class="accesibility-link"><a id="skip-to-content" title="Skip to content" href="#maincontent">Skip to main content</a></div><meta name="part_id" content="1"><meta name="www_server" content="privwww.ssrn.com"><meta name="static_server" content="https://cdn.ssrn.com"><meta name="hq_server" content="privhq.ssrn.com"><meta name="papers_server" content="privpapers.ssrn.com"><meta name="user_name" content="Public User"><meta name="is_custom" content="false"><meta name="own_design" content="false"><meta name="ab_id" content=""><meta name="on_behalf" content="False"><meta name="login_user_id" content=""><!--GLOBAL HEADER--><header id="global-header" data-id-plus-auth-enabled="false"></header><script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">if(typeof jQuery == 'undefined') {
    document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='https://#strStaticServer#/libraries/JQuery/v1.12.4/jquery.min.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));
}</script><script>function sentEmailValidation(lngLoginID, forwardURL){var parameters = {"lngLoginID" : lngLoginID,"strForwardURL" : forwardURL};$.ajax({type: "POST",url: "https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfc/webServices/loginServices.cfc?method=sentValidationEmailNew",data: parameters,dataType: "jsonp",async: false,success: function(data) {if(data.RESULT == 1){$("#errorMessageLogin").html(data.MESSAGE);}},error: function(jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) {console.log(textStatus, errorThrown);}});};</script><script>$( document ).ready(function() {// Show translation notice on footer on loadvar hebrewIsSelected = $('.dropdown-lang option:last-child').is(':selected'),$body = $('body'),$loginBox = $('.loginBox'),$menuMain = $('.menu-main'),$profileMenu = $('.profileMenu');if (hebrewIsSelected) {toggleTranslationNote();}        $('#global-header .auth-menu > div > a:first-child').on('click', function() {        pageDataTracker.trackEvent('conversionDriverClick', {conversionDriver:{name : 'ssrn-header:register'}});    });    $('#global-header .auth-menu > div > a:last-child').click(function(e) {        pageDataTracker.trackEvent('conversionDriverClick', {conversionDriver:{name : 'ssrn-header:sign-in-or-register'}});    });    $('#global-header a[href$="/rankings/Ranking_display.cfm?TRN_gID=10"]').on('click', function() {        pageDataTracker.trackEvent('conversionDriverClick', {conversionDriver:{name : 'rankings-top-papers'}});    });    $('#global-header a[href$="/submissions/CreateNewAbstract.cfm"]').on('click', function() {        pageDataTracker.trackEvent('conversionDriverClick', {conversionDriver:{name : 'ssrn-header:submit-article'}});    });$('#btnMenu').on('click', function() {$body.addClass('nav-is-open');$menuMain.addClass('open');});$('.mo-nav-close-btn').on('click', function() {$body.removeClass('nav-is-open');$(this).closest('.mo-nav').removeClass('open');});$('.mo-nav-search-btn').on('click', function() {$menuMain.find('.menu-search').toggleClass('open');});$(document).on('click','#profile', function(e){e.preventDefault();$body.toggleClass('nav-is-open');$profileMenu.toggleClass('open');});/* Cleaning the email text*/$('#txtLogin').bind("change keyup input",function() {$(".error_show_login").hide();$("#txtLogin").removeClass("loginError");$("#errorMessageLogin").hide();});/* Cleaning the password text*/$('.password-inp').bind("change keyup input",function() {$(".error_show_pass").hide();$("#txtPasswordLogin").removeClass("loginError");$("#errorMessageLogin").hide();});/*Function for encrypt*/function encrypt(key1, key2, key3){var key = btoa(key1 + "|" + key2 + "|" + key3);return key;};function validateFields (){var emptyLogin = false;var emptyPass = false;if(document.getElementById("txtLogin") == null || document.getElementById("txtLogin").value == ""){$("#txtLogin").addClass('loginError');$(".error_show_login").show();emptyLogin = true;}if(document.getElementById("txtPasswordLogin") == null || document.getElementById("txtPasswordLogin").value == "" ){$("#txtPasswordLogin").addClass('loginError');$(".error_show_pass").show();emptyPass = true;}if(emptyLogin == true || emptyPass == true){return false;}return true;};$('.password-inp').keypress(function(event) {if (event.keyCode == 13 || event.which == 13) {event.preventDefault();login();}});$('#txtLogin').keypress(function(event) {if (event.keyCode == 13 || event.which == 13) {event.preventDefault();login();}});$("#signin").click(function() {login();});function login(){if (validateFields() != false) {var user = document.getElementById("txtLogin").value;var pass = document.getElementById("txtPasswordLogin").value;var remember = $('.remember-me-check').prop('checked');var keyUser = encrypt(user, pass, remember);var parameters = {"key" : keyUser};$.ajax({type: "POST",url: "https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfc/webServices/loginServices.cfc?method=signinService",data: parameters,dataType: "jsonp",async: false,success: function(data) {if(data.ILOGINRESULT == 0) {var lngPartLogedIn = data.USER.PART_ID;buildmenu(lngPartLogedIn);$("#name-header div.user-name-overflow").text(data.USER.FULLNAME);$("#name-mo-header").text(data.USER.FULLNAME);$('#profile').show();$("#btnSignin").hide();$("#btnRegister").hide();$loginBox.removeClass('open');$body.removeClass('nav-is-open');pageData.visitor.loginSuccess = "true";pageData.visitor.loginStatus = "logged in";pageData.visitor.accessType = "ss:registered-user";pageData.visitor.userId = data.USER.ENCRYPT_PART_ID;pageDataTracker.trackEvent( 'newPage' , pageData);} else {pageData.visitor.loginSuccess = "false";pageDataTracker.trackEvent( 'newPage' , pageData);$("#errorMessageLogin").html(data.MESSAGETOSHOW);$("#errorMessageLogin").show();}}});} else {return false;};};function buildmenu(lngPartLogedIn){$("#personal").attr("href", "https://privhq.ssrn.com/Participant.cfm?rectype=edit&partid=" + lngPartLogedIn + "&perinf=y");$("#affil").attr("href", "https://privhq.ssrn.com/Affiliations/AffiliationList.cfm?partid=" + lngPartLogedIn);$("#suscr").attr("href", "https://privhq.ssrn.com/Subscriptions.cfm?partId=" + lngPartLogedIn);$("#mypapers").attr("href", "https://privhq.ssrn.com/submissions/MyPapers.cfm?partid=" + lngPartLogedIn);};$(document).click(function(event) {if(!$(event.target).closest('.header-tooltip').length && $(event.target)[0] != $('#btnSignin')[0] && $(event.target)[0] != $('#profile')[0] ) {if($('.header-tooltip').is(":visible") && $('.mo-nav-header').is(":hidden")) {$body.removeClass('nav-is-open');$('.header-tooltip').removeClass('open');}}// Makes the submenu links accesible by keyboard$('.has-sub-menu a').focus(function() {$(this).parents("li").addClass("focus");}).blur(function() {$(this).parents("li").removeClass("focus");});});// Show translation notice on change$('.dropdown-lang').on('change', function() {toggleTranslationNote();});// Accordion functionality on Footer MOvar $collapseBtn = $('h4[data-toggle="collapse"]'),$collapsableContent = $('.collapsable');$collapseBtn.on('click', function(){var $this = $(this),$parent = $this.parent(),$thisCollapsable = $parent.find('.collapsable');$collapsableContent.slideUp('fast');if ( !$thisCollapsable.is(":visible") ) {$thisCollapsable.slideDown('fast');}});// Show translation notice on footerfunction toggleTranslationNote() {$('.translation-notice').toggle();}});//Language functionfunction changeLanguage(lang){        var curretUrl = window.location.href;        if(curretUrl.indexOf('&lng') != -1) {            var new_url = curretUrl.substring(0, curretUrl.indexOf('&lng'));        }else{            var new_url = window.location.href;        }        window.location.href=new_url+'&lng='+lang;    }</script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-global-header/app.bundle.js?v=410"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="async" src="https://privstatic.ssrn.com/js/image-lazy-load.js"></script><!-- new css --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css"      integrity="sha384-1q8mTJOASx8j1Au+a5WDVnPi2lkFfwwEAa8hDDdjZlpLegxhjVME1fgjWPGmkzs7" crossorigin="anonymous">    <link rel="stylesheet"          type="text/css" href="https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfincludes/css/custom.min.css?v=410"><!-- new results search css -->        <link rel="stylesheet"              type="text/css" href="https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfincludes/css/search-results.min.css?v=410"><div class="container search-results-body" id="maincontent"><div class="row">        <div class="col-sm-12"><div class="box-container"><header><form name="searchForm" id="searchForm" action="?form_name=Jel&code=J46&lim=false" method="post">    <h1 class="section-title">    <div>Search Results</div>    <span>JEL Code: J46</span></h1>            <div class="organization-header">
            <div class="info">
                
                                
                
                    <strong>    23,787 </strong>Total downloads
                                
            </div>
        </div><div class="form-group search-within">    <button id="submitsearchwithin" onclick="javascript:document.getElementById('searchForm').submit();"            aria-label="Seach Within"><i class="icon icon-gizmo-search" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>    <input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search Within" onload="this.focus();" id="txtKey_Words_within"           name="txtKey_Words_within" aria-label="Search Within">        <input type="hidden" id="iSearchWithinDone"               name="iSearchWithinDone" value="0">        <input type="hidden" id="strSearchTerm" name="strSearchTerm" value="    ">                <input type="hidden" name="strSelectedOption" id="strSelectedOption" value="4">    <input type="hidden" name="orderBy" value= " numHits desc " >        <input type="hidden" name="iTotalResults" value="337">        <input type="hidden" id="listAB_ID" name="listAB_ID" value="    1782017,2217835,2424516,2479905,2530022,2568047,2575787,2581396,2584026,2594749,2596207,2608856,2611356,2612326,2617874,2622220,2654671,2655272,2672134,2693309,2698087,2702738,2702739,2702743,2702751,2702753,2702889,2702890,2702891,2702892,2702893,2702894,2702895,2702896,2702898,2702900,2702901,2702902,2702903,2702904,2702911,2702917,2702918,2702974,2702975,2702976,2702977,2702982,2702983,2702984,2702985,2702986,2702991,2702992,2702994,2702996,2702998,2703000,2703001,2703009,2703015,2703021,2703029,2706142,2706144,2706147,2706148,2706151,2706152,2706163,2706168,2706173,2706178,2706179,2706189,2706190,2706193,2706195,2706197,2706619,2706621,2706633,2706652,2706655,2706677,2706689,2706693,2707301,2707308,2707314,2707315,2707316,2707981,2707984,2707986,2707987,2708009,2708010,2708016,2708017,2708024,2708025,2708026,2708027,2708029,2708032,2708034,2708036,2708040,2708045,2708046,2708049,2708060,2708204,2708207,2708212,2708213,2708214,2708215,2708216,2708217,2708219,2708337,2708341,2708342,2708343,2708346,2708350,2708353,2708400,2708402,2708403,2708404,2708424,2708425,2708430,2708432,2708441,2708442,2708444,2708449,2708451,2708452,2708454,2708459,2708460,2708461,2713012,2716583,2728192,2731781,2731986,2754901,2773038,2782535,2786035,2795990,2801386,2804172,2812346,2813501,2819382,2821454,2826973,2833666,2839695,2840140,2858081,2858298,2861025,2877148,2879796,2879845,2883444,2883445,2883462,2883466,2883467,2883475,2883476,2883478,2883480,2883481,2883490,2883491,2889779,2897844,2903681,2911194,2914424,2916285,2922105,2926779,2926783,2932315,2935535,2937694,2941384,2944950,2949122,2958236,2964373,2966862,2983261,2984734,2984773,2989502,2991824,3002084,3003538,3013175,3025653,3026332,3026358,3026376,3026921,3026934,3026958,3029837,3029841,3030036,3035950,3042644,3045662,3045735,3053148,3064106,3066286,3070413,3082819,3084107,3084502,3092080,3092225,3105759,3107489,3108284,3108375,3111145,3122734,3130879,3137507,3153354,3168769,3170665,3187539,3188406,3188619,3189540,3219119,3227127,3234229,3249897,3252994,3275534,3285416,3302393,3302579,3303101,3313550,3316441,3321768,3323178,3323198,3335275,3339323,3343931,3353258,3385521,3390108,3390246,3391549,3393668,3405981,3410602,3427626,3446265,3466314,3481471,3482082,3491245,3491332,3492834,3502306,3512644,3512652,3515217,3520625,3523130,3523170,3524085,3530001,3534273,3536493,3556596,3556806,3560917,3573306,3576541,3579086,3602434,3612438,3613984,3616452,3628146,3630693,3654933,3661170,3672437,3673549,3673555,3680379,3683765,3696325,3701259,3702140,3704143,3707054,3709727,3717399,3717403,3721640,3723523,3727489,3730934,3730937,3736965,3736967,3744910,3753889,3771743,3774267,3775073,3778408,3784102,3785057,3796925"></div></form></header>                                                                                        <div class="results-header">                <div class="sort-by filters-box">                <label>                    Sort by:                                                                                                                <div class="select-custom">                <select class="form-control" name="sort-by" id="sort-by" aria-label="Sort by"                        onChange="resortResults(this.value);">                        <option value="1"                                >                Abstract Title, A-Z</option>                    <option value="2"                            >                Abstract Title, Z-A</option>                    <option value="3"                            >                Downloads, Ascending</option>                    <option value="4"                            SELECTED>                Downloads, Descending</option>                    <option value="5"                            >                Date Posted, Ascending</option>                    <option value="6"                            >                Date Posted, Descending</option>            </select>            </div>            </label>            </div>                                                                                                                            <div class="pagination"><ul>  <li class="curr"><strong>1</strong></li><li><a href="/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?npage=2&form_name=Jel&code=J46&lim=false" class="jeljour_pagination_number" role="button" tabindex="0">2</a></li><li><a href="/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?npage=3&form_name=Jel&code=J46&lim=false" class="jeljour_pagination_number" role="button" tabindex="0">3</a></li><li><a href="/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?npage=4&form_name=Jel&code=J46&lim=false" class="jeljour_pagination_number" role="button" tabindex="0">4</a></li><li>...</li><li><a href="/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?npage=7&form_name=Jel&code=J46&lim=false" class="jeljour_pagination_number" role="button" tabindex="0">7</a></li><li class="next"><a href="/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?npage=2&form_name=Jel&code=J46&lim=false" role="button" tabindex="0">Next</a></li><li class="total">7</li></ul><div class="go-to-page input-group form-group" onkeypress="return isNumberKey(event)"><input type="text" aria-label="Go to page" placeholder="Go to page" role="input"><button onclick="gotoPage(7,this.parentNode);" aria-label="Go" role="button"><i class="icon-gizmo-navigate-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></button></div></div> <script type="text/javascript" language="javascript">function isNumberKey(evt) {var charCode = (evt.which) ? evt.which : event.keyCodeif (charCode > 31 && (charCode < 48 || charCode > 57)) {return false;}return true;}function gotoPage(totalPages,caller){var gotopage = caller.getElementsByTagName('input')[0].value;if (gotopage == "" || gotopage == null) {alert('The page number field cannot be empty.  Please enter a page number and try again.');return false;} else if (gotopage < 1 || gotopage > totalPages) {alert('The requested page does not exist.');return false;}changePage('/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?npage='+gotopage+'&form_name=Jel&code=J46&lim=false');}$('.go-to-page input').keypress(function (e) {if (e.which == 13) {gotoPage(200,this.parentNode);return false;}});</script>                                                                            <p class="viewing">Viewing: <strong>        1</strong> -                    <strong>       50</strong> of                    <strong>      337</strong> papers</p>                                </div>                                                                <div class="table results papers-list">                    <div class="tbody">                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2622220" id="div_2622220">                        <div class="actions">                            1.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2622220">Generating Employment in Poor and Fragile States: Evidence from Labor Market and Entrepreneurship Programs</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 52</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 27 Jun 2015</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 22 Jun 2017</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=345560" target="_blank">Christopher Blattman</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=843999" target="_blank">Laura Ralston</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Chicago, Harris School of Public Policy and World Bank                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span> 4,409</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <div class="trow abs abs_2424516" id="div_2424516">                        <div class="actions">                            2.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2424516">Economic Aspects of Bitcoin and Other Decentralized Public-Ledger Currency Platforms</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>University of Chicago Coase-Sandor Institute for Law & Economics Research Paper No. 685</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 27</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 14 Apr 2014</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 17 May 2014</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=268756" target="_blank">David S. Evans</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Global Economics Group                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span> 3,993</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2911194" id="div_2911194">                        <div class="actions">                            3.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2911194">The Online Platform Economy: Has Growth Peaked?</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 28</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 17 Feb 2017</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=469398" target="_blank">Diana Farrell</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2375583" target="_blank">Fiona Greig</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    JP Morgan Chase & Co. - JP Morgan Chase Institute and JPMorgan Chase Institute                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  946</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <div class="trow abs abs_3084502" id="div_3084502">                        <div class="actions">                            4.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3084502">Designing Against Discrimination in Online Markets</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>32 Berkeley Technology Law Journal 1183 (2017)</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 58</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 12 Dec 2017</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 10 Jul 2020</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2589051" target="_blank">Karen Levy</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2030274" target="_blank">Solon Barocas</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Cornell University and Cornell University                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  698</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_3630693" id="div_3630693">                        <div class="actions">                            5.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3630693">Efeitos do desemprego, do Auxílio Emergencial e do Programa Emergencial de Preservação do Emprego e da Renda (MP 936) sobre a renda, a pobreza e a desigualdade durante e depois da pandemia (Effects of Unemployment, Basic Emergency Income and the Emergency Employment and Income Preservation Program (MP 936) on Income, Poverty and Inequality during and after the Pandemic in Brazil)</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 24</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 24 Jun 2020</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2410424" target="_blank">Rogério Barbosa</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2412287" target="_blank">Ian Prates</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Center for Metropolitan Studies and Brazilian Center for Analysis and Planning (CEBRAP)                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  611</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="trow abs abs_3252994" id="div_3252994">                        <div class="actions">                            6.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3252994">The Online Platform Economy in 2018: Drivers, Workers, Sellers, and Lessors</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>JPMorgan Chase Institute, 2018</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 32</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 23 Oct 2018</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=469398" target="_blank">Diana Farrell</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2375583" target="_blank">Fiona Greig</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2879738" target="_blank">Amar Hamoudi</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    JP Morgan Chase & Co. - JP Morgan Chase Institute, JPMorgan Chase Institute and JP Morgan Chase & Co.                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  448</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_3616452" id="div_3616452">                        <div class="actions">                            7.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3616452">Un piso de protección social para preservar la vida: informalidad, pobreza y vulnerabilidad en tiempos de COVID-19 (A Social Protection Floor to Preserve Life: Informality, Poverty and Vulnerability in Times of COVID-19)</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 27</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 02 Jun 2020</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2377425" target="_blank">Roberto Sánchez Torres</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=4208378" target="_blank">Sergio Chaparro Hernández</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    National University of Colombia and National University of Colombia - Department of Economics                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  385</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <div class="trow abs abs_2914424" id="div_2914424">                        <div class="actions">                            8.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2914424">Regulating the Human Supply Chain</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>Iowa Law Review, Vol. 102, 2017, Fordham Law Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2914424</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 60</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 09 Feb 2017</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=345966" target="_blank">Jennifer Gordon</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Fordham University School of Law                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  335</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_3188406" id="div_3188406">                        <div class="actions">                            9.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3188406">Blessing or Burden? The Impact of Refugees on Businesses and the Informal Economy</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 50</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 16 Jun 2018</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 16 May 2019</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=3017158" target="_blank">Onur Altindag</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=3017159" target="_blank">Ozan Bakis</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2284695" target="_blank">Sandra Rozo</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Bentley University, Bahcesehir University and University of Southern California - Marshall School of Business                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  321</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="trow abs abs_2706144" id="div_2706144">                        <div class="actions">                            10.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2706144">Evaluating Competing Theories of Street Entrepreneurship: Some Lessons from a Study of Street Vendors in Bangalore, India</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4, 2012, pp. 391-409.</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 21</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 21 Dec 2015</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2015439" target="_blank">Colin Williams</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1099688" target="_blank">Anjula Gurtoo</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Sheffield - School of Management and Indian Institute of Science                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  317</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 <div class="trow abs abs_2672134" id="div_2672134">                        <div class="actions">                            11.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2672134">The Impact of Syrian Refugees on Natives' Labor Market Outcomes in Turkey: Evidence from a Quasi-Experimental Design</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>IZA Discussion Paper No. 9348</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 49</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 12 Oct 2015</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2461013" target="_blank">Evren Ceritoglu</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2461015" target="_blank">H. Gurcihan Yunculer</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2459984" target="_blank">Huzeyfe Torun</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1422565" target="_blank">Semih Tumen</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Government of the Republic of Turkey - Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, Government of the Republic of Turkey - Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, Government of the Republic of Turkey - Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey and TED University                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  308</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2795990" id="div_2795990">                        <div class="actions">                            12.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2795990">Wage Discrimination in India's Formal and Informal Labour Markets</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 43</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 16 Jun 2016</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 16 Jan 2018</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2484887" target="_blank">Bhaskar Neog</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=982394" target="_blank">Bimal Kishore Sahoo</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Indian Institute of Technology (ITT), Jammu - Departmentof Humanities & Social Sciences and Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee - Department of Humanities and Social Sciences                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  287</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="trow abs abs_2706621" id="div_2706621">                        <div class="actions">                            13.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2706621">Informal Employment in Developed and Developing Economies: Perspectives and Policy Responses</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>International Labour Review, Vol. 152, No. 3–4, pp. 355-380 (2013)</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 26</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 22 Dec 2015</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2015439" target="_blank">Colin Williams</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2492447" target="_blank">Mark Lansky</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Sheffield - School of Management and International Labour Organization (ILO)                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  246</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2839695" id="div_2839695">                        <div class="actions">                            14.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2839695">Wage Differences by Caste and Religion in India</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 26</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 18 Sep 2016</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1673474" target="_blank">Shamim S. Mondal</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be University)                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  246</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2801386" id="div_2801386">                        <div class="actions">                            15.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2801386">Política social contemporánea. Un paradigma en crisis (Contemporary Social Policy. A Paradigm in Crisis)</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 162</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 02 Jul 2016</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2566127" target="_blank">César Giraldo</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    National University of Colombia                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  243</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_3680379" id="div_3680379">                        <div class="actions">                            16.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3680379">Job and Wage Losses in Informal Sector due to the COVID-19 Lockdown Measures in India</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 24</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 27 Aug 2020</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=4234613" target="_blank">Xavier Estupinan</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=3369110" target="_blank">Mohit Sharma</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    International Labour Organization (ILO) and Collaborative Research and Dissemination (CORD)                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  240</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="trow abs abs_2731781" id="div_2731781">                        <div class="actions">                            17.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2731781">Informal Sector Entrepreneurship</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>OECD Policy Briefing, Paris, 2014</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 38</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 14 Feb 2016</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2015439" target="_blank">Colin Williams</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Sheffield - School of Management                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  201</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 <div class="trow abs abs_3573306" id="div_3573306">                        <div class="actions">                            18.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3573306">The Covid-19 Conundrum in the Developing World: Protecting Lives or Protecting Jobs?</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>IZA Discussion Paper No. 13136</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 10</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 13 Apr 2020</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=430652" target="_blank">David A. Robalino</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    World Bank                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  201</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <div class="trow abs abs_2989502" id="div_2989502">                        <div class="actions">                            19.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2989502">Challenges and Opportunities of India's Manufacturing Sector</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>OECD Working Paper , No. 1183, 2015</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 45</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 21 Jun 2017</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=283168" target="_blank">Isabelle Joumard</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=953310" target="_blank">Urban Sila</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2151301" target="_blank">Hermes Morgavi</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) - Economics Department (ECO), Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) and Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  181</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="trow abs abs_2530022" id="div_2530022">                        <div class="actions">                            20.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2530022">Labour Formalization and Declining Inequality in Argentina and Brazil in 2000s: A Dynamic Approach</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>ILO Research Paper No.9. International Labour Office</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 32</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 26 Nov 2014</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1668113" target="_blank">Roxana Maurizio</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Republic of Argentina - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  152</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_3353258" id="div_3353258">                        <div class="actions">                            21.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3353258">The Impact of Digital Technology on Work</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 17</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 08 Apr 2019</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2544947" target="_blank">Santiago Melián-González</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria - University Institute of Tourism and Sustainable Economic Development (TIDES)                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  149</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <div class="trow abs abs_3025653" id="div_3025653">                        <div class="actions">                            22.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3025653">Efectos De La Migración Forzada Sobre La Confianza Y Las Actitudes Hacia Inmigrantes En Los Países Destino: Evidencia De La Crisis De Refugiados En Europa (Forced Migration Effects on Trust and Attitudes Toward Immigrants In Destination Countries: Evidence from the Refugee Crisis in Europe)</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>Documento CEDE No. 2017-50</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 49</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 28 Aug 2017</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1786017" target="_blank">Andres Felipe Camacho</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Universidad de los Andes, Colombia                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  147</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="trow abs abs_3313550" id="div_3313550">                        <div class="actions">                            23.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3313550">Can Reputation Discipline the Gig Economy?: Experimental Evidence From an Online Labor Market</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>Benson, Alan, Aaron Sojourner, and Akhmed Umyarov. 2019. "Can Reputation Discipline the Gig Economy? Experimental Evidence from an Online Labor Market.", Management Science, Forthcoming</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 42</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 20 Jan 2019</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1634437" target="_blank">Alan Benson</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1347453" target="_blank">Aaron Sojourner</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2299703" target="_blank">Akhmed Umyarov</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Minnesota - Twin Cities - Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota and University of Minnesota - Minneapolis                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                    <p><a class="btn-link versions-btn" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-label="Open tooltip with 2 versions of this paper" ><img src="https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfincludes/img/icons/icon-small-multipleversion.png" alt="Multiple version icon">There are <span>2</span> versions of this paper</a></p><div class="tooltip bottom-left versions-tooltip" role="tooltip" id="versions-tooltip"><i class="icon-gizmo-delete tooltip-close" aria-label="Close modal" title="Close modal" role="button" tabindex="0" onkeypress="return closeTooltip(event)"></i><div class="tooltip-arrow"></div><div class="tooltip-inner"><div class="table papers-list"><div class="tbody"><div class="trow"><div class="actions"><a title="Free paper" href="javascript:void(0);" role="button" class="tooltip-icon-a"><i class="icn icn-free" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></div><div class="description"><h3><a class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2696299" tabindex="0"><span>Can Reputation Discipline the Gig Economy? Experimental Evidence from an Online Labor Market</span></a></h3><div class="reference">IZA Discussion Paper No. 9501</div><div class="note note-list"><span>Number of pages: 38</span><span tabindex="0">Posted: 29 Nov 2015</span></div></div><div class="downloads"><span>Downloads</span><span>  261</span></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="actions"><a title="Free paper" href="javascript:void(0);" role="button" class="tooltip-icon-a"><i class="icn icn-free" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></div><div class="description"><h3><a class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3313550" tabindex="0"><span>Can Reputation Discipline the Gig Economy?: Experimental Evidence From an Online Labor Market</span></a></h3><div class="reference">Benson, Alan, Aaron Sojourner, and Akhmed Umyarov. 2019. "Can Reputation Discipline the Gig Economy? Experimental Evidence from an Online Labor Market.", Management Science, Forthcoming</div><div class="note note-list"><span>Number of pages: 42</span><span tabindex="0">Posted: 20 Jan 2019</span></div></div><div class="downloads"><span>Downloads</span><span>  145</span></div></div></div></div></div></div>                                    <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  145</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2728192" id="div_2728192">                        <div class="actions">                            24.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2728192">Labour Market Segmentation in the Indian Economy: An Investigation</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 27</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 06 Feb 2016</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 15 Mar 2016</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2484887" target="_blank">Bhaskar Neog</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=982394" target="_blank">Bimal Kishore Sahoo</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Indian Institute of Technology (ITT), Jammu - Departmentof Humanities & Social Sciences and Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee - Department of Humanities and Social Sciences                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  144</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2877148" id="div_2877148">                        <div class="actions">                            25.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2877148">Segmentation and Mobility in the Indian Labour Market</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 46</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 01 Dec 2016</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 16 Dec 2018</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2484887" target="_blank">Bhaskar Neog</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=982394" target="_blank">Bimal Kishore Sahoo</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Indian Institute of Technology (ITT), Jammu - Departmentof Humanities & Social Sciences and Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee - Department of Humanities and Social Sciences                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  136</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_3701259" id="div_3701259">                        <div class="actions">                            26.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3701259">How Do Peer Awards Motivate Creative Content? Experimental Evidence from Reddit</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 58</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 17 Nov 2020</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 04 Jan 2021</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1334789" target="_blank">Gordon Burtch</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2680155" target="_blank">Qinglai He</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1165121" target="_blank">Yili Hong</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1614669" target="_blank">Dokyun Lee</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Boston University - Questrom School of Business, Arizona State University, University of Houston - C.T. Bauer College of Business and Carnegie Mellon University - David A. Tepper School of Business                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  123</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="trow abs abs_3130879" id="div_3130879">                        <div class="actions">                            27.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3130879">Labour Migration in Kerala: A Study on Working Conditions of Unskilled Labourers.</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>(2016) International Journal of Exclusive Management Research, (Conference Special Issue), 13-16.</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 9</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 14 Mar 2018</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2921746" target="_blank">Asha E. Thomas</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Mahatma Gandhi University                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  123</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_3168769" id="div_3168769">                        <div class="actions">                            28.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3168769">Strategic Formal Layoffs: Unemployment Insurance and Informal Labor Markets</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 62</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 30 Apr 2018</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 19 Nov 2020</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1615703" target="_blank">Bernardus Ferdinandus Nazar Van Doornik</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1176278" target="_blank">David Schoenherr</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1760172" target="_blank">Janis Skrastins</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Government of the Federative Republic of Brazil - Central Bank of Brazil, Princeton University, Bendheim Center for Finance and Washington University in St. Louis                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  120</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2754901" id="div_2754901">                        <div class="actions">                            29.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2754901">Financing Local Economic Development: In Search of the Optimal Local Financial System</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 10</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 27 Mar 2016</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2022134" target="_blank">Milford Bateman</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Juraj Dobrila University of Pula (UNIPU)                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  117</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <div class="trow abs abs_3219119" id="div_3219119">                        <div class="actions">                            30.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3219119">Harm, Sex, and Consequences</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>Utah Law Review, Forthcoming, California Western School of Law Research Paper No. 18-11</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 54</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 09 Aug 2018</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 27 Aug 2018</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2288172" target="_blank">I. India Thusi</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Widener University - Delaware Law School                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  113</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 <div class="trow abs abs_2935535" id="div_2935535">                        <div class="actions">                            31.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2935535">Who Counts as Employed?: Informal Work, Employment Status, and Labor Market Slack</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>FRB of Boston Working Paper No. 16-29</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 43</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 19 Mar 2017</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=105054" target="_blank">Anat Bracha</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=100631" target="_blank">Mary A. Burke</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    The Federal Reserve Bank of Boston and Federal Reserve Bank of Boston                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  113</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 <div class="trow abs abs_3137507" id="div_3137507">                        <div class="actions">                            32.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3137507">The Puzzles and Contradictions of the Indian Labour Market: What Will the Future of Work Look Like?</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>IZA Discussion Paper No. 11376</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 37</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 12 Mar 2018</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=364117" target="_blank">Sher Verick</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    International Labour Organization (ILO)                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  111</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2217835" id="div_2217835">                        <div class="actions">                            33.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2217835">The Consequences of Legal Minimum Wages in Honduras</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 52</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 14 Feb 2013</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 17 Nov 2016</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1587370" target="_blank">Andrés Ham</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Universidad de los Andes, Colombia - School of Government                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  109</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="trow abs abs_3082819" id="div_3082819">                        <div class="actions">                            34.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3082819">Dependent Self-Employment: Trends, Challenges and Policy Responses in the EU</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>ILO Employment Working Paper no. 228, International Labour Office, Geneva</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 64</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 09 Dec 2017</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2015439" target="_blank">Colin Williams</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=653323" target="_blank">Frédéric Lapeyre</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Sheffield - School of Management and International Labour Organization (ILO) - Policy Integration Department                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  108</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 <div class="trow abs abs_2826973" id="div_2826973">                        <div class="actions">                            35.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2826973">Informal Employment in China: Trends, Patterns and Determinants of Entry</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>IZA Discussion Paper No. 10139</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 34</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 22 Aug 2016</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2579592" target="_blank">Zhe Liang</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=92543" target="_blank">Simon Appleton</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=351946" target="_blank">Lina Song</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Nottingham, University of Nottingham - School of Economics and Nottingham University Business School                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  108</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2804172" id="div_2804172">                        <div class="actions">                            36.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2804172">The Informal Economy as a Path to Expanding Opportunities</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 42</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 06 Jul 2016</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2015439" target="_blank">Colin Williams</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Sheffield - School of Management                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                    <p><a class="btn-link versions-btn" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-label="Open tooltip with 2 versions of this paper" ><img src="https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfincludes/img/icons/icon-small-multipleversion.png" alt="Multiple version icon">There are <span>2</span> versions of this paper</a></p><div class="tooltip bottom-left versions-tooltip" role="tooltip" id="versions-tooltip"><i class="icon-gizmo-delete tooltip-close" aria-label="Close modal" title="Close modal" role="button" tabindex="0" onkeypress="return closeTooltip(event)"></i><div class="tooltip-arrow"></div><div class="tooltip-inner"><div class="table papers-list"><div class="tbody"><div class="trow"><div class="actions"><a title="Free paper" href="javascript:void(0);" role="button" class="tooltip-icon-a"><i class="icn icn-free" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></div><div class="description"><h3><a class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2804172" tabindex="0"><span>The Informal Economy as a Path to Expanding Opportunities</span></a></h3><div class="note note-list"><span>Number of pages: 42</span><span tabindex="0">Posted: 06 Jul 2016</span></div></div><div class="downloads"><span>Downloads</span><span>  105</span></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="actions"><a title="Free paper" href="javascript:void(0);" role="button" class="tooltip-icon-a"><i class="icn icn-free" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></div><div class="description"><h3><a class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3209133" tabindex="0"><span>The Informal Economy as a Path to Expanding Opportunities</span></a></h3><div class="reference">Centre for Development and Enterprise Commissioned Research Series, August 2017</div><div class="note note-list"><span>Number of pages: 37</span><span tabindex="0">Posted: 26 Jul 2018</span></div></div><div class="downloads"><span>Downloads</span><span>   20</span></div></div></div></div></div></div>                                    <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  105</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="trow abs abs_2707308" id="div_2707308">                        <div class="actions">                            37.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2707308">Anarchist Economic Practices in a 'Capitalist' Society: Some Implications for Organisation and the Future of Work</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>Ephermera: theory and politics in organization, 2014, 14(4): 947-971</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 25</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 24 Dec 2015</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=380460" target="_blank">Richard White</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2015439" target="_blank">Colin Williams</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Sheffield Hallam University - Faculty of Development and Society and University of Sheffield - School of Management                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  104</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_3316441" id="div_3316441">                        <div class="actions">                            38.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3316441">Independent Contractor or Employee?</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 39</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 28 Jan 2019</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=3328221" target="_blank">Ben Davies</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Pepperdine University - Rick J. Caruso School of Law                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  101</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2773038" id="div_2773038">                        <div class="actions">                            39.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2773038">Does Corruption Affect the Informal-Formal Sector Income Gap? Evidence from Brazil</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 32</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 02 May 2016</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 25 Apr 2019</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1999605" target="_blank">Jamie Bologna Pavlik</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2250996" target="_blank">Amir B. Ferreira Neto</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Texas Tech University - Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics and Florida Gulf Coast University                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>   99</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2858298" id="div_2858298">                        <div class="actions">                            40.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2858298">My Future or Our Future? The Disincentive Impact of Income Share Agreements</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 63</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 25 Oct 2016</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 25 May 2017</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2404780" target="_blank">Greg Madonia</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2474329" target="_blank">Austin Smith</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Colorado at Boulder - Department of Economics and Miami University                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>   99</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="trow abs abs_3784102" id="div_3784102">                        <div class="actions">                            41.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3784102">Strengthening Wage Policies to Protect Incomes of the Informal and Migrant Workers in India</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>Labour and Development, V. V. Giri National Labour Institute 2021</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 29</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 12 Feb 2021</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=4296594" target="_blank">Anoop Satpathy</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=4234613" target="_blank">Xavier Estupinan</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=4338397" target="_blank">Bikash K. Malick</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    V. V. Giri National Labour Institute, International Labour Organization (ILO) and Government of India - Indian Economic Service                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>   93</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2813501" id="div_2813501">                        <div class="actions">                            42.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2813501">Defining and Measuring Informality in India</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 38</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 25 Jul 2016</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 11 Jan 2019</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2484887" target="_blank">Bhaskar Neog</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=982394" target="_blank">Bimal Kishore Sahoo</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Indian Institute of Technology (ITT), Jammu - Departmentof Humanities & Social Sciences and Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee - Department of Humanities and Social Sciences                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>   92</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <div class="trow abs abs_3035950" id="div_3035950">                        <div class="actions">                            43.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3035950">La Inviabilidad De Los Regímenes De Pensiones De Reparto En Países Que Aún Gozan Del Dividendo Poblacional: El Caso De Colombia (Pay-As-You-Go Pension Systems Unviability in Countries that Enjoy the Demographic Dividend: The Case of Colombia)</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>Documento CEDE No. 2017-51</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 43</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 14 Sep 2017</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=189029" target="_blank">Santiago Montenegro</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2784688" target="_blank">Jorge Llano</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2784690" target="_blank">Karim Fajury</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2784694" target="_blank">Maria-Camila Garcia</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Universidad de los Andes, Colombia - Department of Economics, Asofondos, University of Southern California, Department of Economics, Students and Asofondos                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>   78</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="trow abs abs_3092080" id="div_3092080">                        <div class="actions">                            44.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3092080">An Evaluation of the Scale of Undeclared Work in the European Union and Its Structural Determinants: Estimates Using the Labour Input Method</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>An Evaluation of the Scale of Undeclared Work in the European Union and Its Structural Determinants: Estimates Using the Labour Input Method, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, ISBN: 978-92-79-75367-1</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 36</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 28 Dec 2017</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2015439" target="_blank">Colin Williams</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1812180" target="_blank">Predrag Bejaković</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2424549" target="_blank">Davor Mikulić</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2243542" target="_blank">Josip Franic</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2314469" target="_blank">Abbi Kedir</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2489450" target="_blank">Ioana Alexandra Horodnic</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Sheffield - School of Management, University of Sheffield - School of Management, Institute of Economics, Zagreb, University of Sheffield - School of Management, University of Leicester - Department of Economics and Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>   76</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_3482082" id="div_3482082">                        <div class="actions">                            45.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3482082">The Effects of Contingent Employment on Innovation and Entrepreneurship</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 67</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 15 Nov 2019</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 10 Feb 2020</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1207523" target="_blank">Sunwoo Hwang</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Cambridge Judge Business School                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>   76</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 <div class="trow abs abs_2568047" id="div_2568047">                        <div class="actions">                            46.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2568047">Impacts of Informal Caregiving on Caregiver Employment, Health, and Family</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>IZA Discussion Paper No. 8851</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 50</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 21 Feb 2015</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2648574" target="_blank">Jan Bauer</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=333216" target="_blank">Alfonso Sousa-Poza</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Copenhagen Business School and University of Hohenheim - Institute of Household and Consumer Economics                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>   75</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="trow abs abs_2703021" id="div_2703021">                        <div class="actions">                            47.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2703021">Women Entrepreneurs in the Indian Informal Sector: Marginalisation Dynamics or Institutional Rational Choice?</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, Vol. 3, No.1, pp. 6-22, 2011</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 17</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 13 Dec 2015</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2015439" target="_blank">Colin Williams</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1099688" target="_blank">Anjula Gurtoo</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Sheffield - School of Management and Indian Institute of Science                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>   75</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 <div class="trow abs abs_2941384" id="div_2941384">                        <div class="actions">                            48.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2941384">Migration Policy: Lessons from Cooperatives</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>CESifo Working Paper Series No. 6364</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 24</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 27 Mar 2017</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=230507" target="_blank">Margit Osterloh</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=58438" target="_blank">Bruno S. Frey</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Basel and CREMA                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>   74</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <div class="trow abs abs_3579086" id="div_3579086">                        <div class="actions">                            49.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3579086">Workforce Composition, Productivity, and Labor Regulations in a Compensating Differentials Theory of Informality</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>University of Chicago, Becker Friedman Institute for Economics Working Paper No. 2020-45</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 93</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 21 Apr 2020</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2555883" target="_blank">Daniel Haanwinckel</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=343374" target="_blank">Rodrigo R. Soares</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of California, Berkeley and Columbia University - School of International & Public Affairs (SIPA)                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                    <p><a class="btn-link versions-btn" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-label="Open tooltip with 2 versions of this paper" ><img src="https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfincludes/img/icons/icon-small-multipleversion.png" alt="Multiple version icon">There are <span>2</span> versions of this paper</a></p><div class="tooltip bottom-left versions-tooltip" role="tooltip" id="versions-tooltip"><i class="icon-gizmo-delete tooltip-close" aria-label="Close modal" title="Close modal" role="button" tabindex="0" onkeypress="return closeTooltip(event)"></i><div class="tooltip-arrow"></div><div class="tooltip-inner"><div class="table papers-list"><div class="tbody"><div class="trow"><div class="actions"><a title="Free paper" href="javascript:void(0);" role="button" class="tooltip-icon-a"><i class="icn icn-free" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></div><div class="description"><h3><a class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3579086" tabindex="0"><span>Workforce Composition, Productivity, and Labor Regulations in a Compensating Differentials Theory of Informality</span></a></h3><div class="reference">University of Chicago, Becker Friedman Institute for Economics Working Paper No. 2020-45</div><div class="note note-list"><span>Number of pages: 93</span><span tabindex="0">Posted: 21 Apr 2020</span></div></div><div class="downloads"><span>Downloads</span><span>   74</span></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="actions"><a title="Free paper" href="javascript:void(0);" role="button" class="tooltip-icon-a"><i class="icn icn-free" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></div><div class="description"><h3><a class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2786035" tabindex="0"><span>Workforce Composition, Productivity, and Labor Regulations in a Compensating Differentials Theory of Informality</span></a></h3><div class="reference">IZA Discussion Paper No. 9951</div><div class="note note-list"><span>Number of pages: 58</span><span tabindex="0">Posted: 01 Jun 2016</span></div></div><div class="downloads"><span>Downloads</span><span>   39</span></div></div></div></div></div></div>                                    <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>   74</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 <div class="trow abs abs_2716583" id="div_2716583">                        <div class="actions">                            50.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2716583">Immigration and Prices: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Syrian Refugees in Turkey</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>IZA Discussion Paper No. 9642</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 44</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 18 Jan 2016</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2205449" target="_blank">Binnur Balkan</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1422565" target="_blank">Semih Tumen</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Stockholm School of Economics and TED University                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>   72</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                        </div>                    </div>                                            <div class="results-footer">                                <div class="pagination"><ul>  <li class="curr"><strong>1</strong></li><li><a href="/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?npage=2&form_name=Jel&code=J46&lim=false" class="jeljour_pagination_number" role="button" tabindex="0">2</a></li><li><a href="/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?npage=3&form_name=Jel&code=J46&lim=false" class="jeljour_pagination_number" role="button" tabindex="0">3</a></li><li><a href="/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?npage=4&form_name=Jel&code=J46&lim=false" class="jeljour_pagination_number" role="button" tabindex="0">4</a></li><li>...</li><li><a href="/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?npage=7&form_name=Jel&code=J46&lim=false" class="jeljour_pagination_number" role="button" tabindex="0">7</a></li><li class="next"><a href="/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?npage=2&form_name=Jel&code=J46&lim=false" role="button" tabindex="0">Next</a></li><li class="total">7</li></ul><div class="go-to-page input-group form-group" onkeypress="return isNumberKey(event)"><input type="text" aria-label="Go to page" placeholder="Go to page" role="input"><button onclick="gotoPage(7,this.parentNode);" aria-label="Go" role="button"><i class="icon-gizmo-navigate-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></button></div></div> <script type="text/javascript" language="javascript">function isNumberKey(evt) {var charCode = (evt.which) ? evt.which : event.keyCodeif (charCode > 31 && (charCode < 48 || charCode > 57)) {return false;}return true;}function gotoPage(totalPages,caller){var gotopage = caller.getElementsByTagName('input')[0].value;if (gotopage == "" || gotopage == null) {alert('The page number field cannot be empty.  Please enter a page number and try again.');return false;} else if (gotopage < 1 || gotopage > totalPages) {alert('The requested page does not exist.');return false;}changePage('/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?npage='+gotopage+'&form_name=Jel&code=J46&lim=false');}$('.go-to-page input').keypress(function (e) {if (e.which == 13) {gotoPage(200,this.parentNode);return false;}});</script>                            </div>            </div></div>        <div class="feedback-tab-container">            <div class="feedback-tab" role="button" tabindex="0">                <span>Feedback</span>                <i class="icon icon-gizmo-comment" aria-hidden="true"></i>            </div>        </div>    <div id="feedbackModule" class="modal-wrapper"><div class="modal-custom feedback"><i class="icon-gizmo-delete modal-close" aria-label="Close modal" title="Close modal" role="button" tabindex="0"></i><div class="feedback-title">Feedback to SSRN</div><form name="formSuggestions" role="suggestions"><div class="feedback-description"><label for="txtFeedback"><span class="feedback-label">Feedback</span><span class="feedback-required">&nbsp;(required)</span></label><textarea id="txtFeedback" name="txtFeedback" maxlength="1000" placeholder="(1,000 Characters Max)" required></textarea></div><div class="feedback-email"><label for="txtEmail"><span class="feedback-label">Email</span><span class="feedback-required">&nbsp;(required)</span></label><input type="email" id="txtEmail" name="txtEmail" value="" required></div><button class="btn-orange btn-add-to-cart feedback-submit">Submit<i class="icon-gizmo-navigate-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></button></form><div class="modal-divider"></div><div class="feedback-information">If you need immediate assistance, call 877-SSRNHelp (877 777 6435) in the United States, or +1 212 448 2500 outside of the United States, 8:30AM to 6:00PM U.S. Eastern, Monday - Friday.</div></div></div><script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">var strServer = "privpapers.ssrn.com";var strSugPageName = "/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm";var strIP = "3.237.97.64";var strFullUrl = "privpapers%2Essrn%2Ecom%2Fsol3%2FJELJOUR%5FResults%2Ecfm%3Fcode%3DJ46";var sEmail = "";</script></div></div>    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.6.3/css/font-awesome.min.css"><!--FOOTER--><nav class="footer-integration footer-redesigned "><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="footer-col">                    
        
            
        
            <div class="button-wrapper inline">
                <a href="https://privhq.ssrn.com/submissions/CreateNewAbstract.cfm" class="button-link secondary submit-paper-btn"  >
                    <span>Submit a Paper</span>
                    
                        <i class="icon icon-gizmo-navigate-right"></i>
                    
                </a>
            </div>
        
    
        
    <a class="section-508-link" href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/section-508/" title="Section 508 Text Only Pages">Section 508 Text Only Pages</a></div><div class="footer-col"><h4 data-toggle="collapse">SSRN Quick Links <i class="icon-gizmo-navigate-down" aria-hidden="true"></i></h4><ul class="footer-links collapsable"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.elsevier.com/solutions/ssrn" title="SSRN Solutions">SSRN Solutions</a></li><li><a href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/rps/" title="Research Paper Series">Research Paper Series</a></li><li><a href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/conferences/" title="Conference Papers">Conference Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/DisplayPipPublishers.cfm" title="Partners in Publishing">Partners in Publishing</a></li><li><a href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/Announcements-Jobs/" title="Jobs &amp; Announcements">Jobs &amp; Announcements</a></li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://communications.elsevier.com/webApp/els_doubleOptInWA?do=0&srv=els_SSRN&sid=153&uif=0&uvis=3" title="Newsletter Sign Up">Newsletter Sign Up</a></li></ul></div><div class="footer-col"><h4 data-toggle="collapse">SSRN Rankings <i class="icon-gizmo-navigate-down" aria-hidden="true"></i></h4><ul class="footer-links collapsable"><li><a href="https://privhq.ssrn.com/rankings/Ranking_display.cfm?TRN_gID=10" title="Top Papers">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/top-authors/" title="Top Authors">Top Authors</a></li><li><a href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/top-organizations/" title="Top Organizations">Top Organizations</a></li></ul></div><div class="footer-col"><h4 data-toggle="collapse">About SSRN <i class="icon-gizmo-navigate-down" aria-hidden="true"></i></h4><ul class="footer-links collapsable"><li><a href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/ssrns-objectives/" title="SSRN Objectives">SSRN Objectives</a></li><li><a href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/network-directors/" title="Network Directors">Network Directors</a></li><li><a href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/presidents-letter/" title="Presidential Letter">Presidential Letter</a></li><li><a href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/recent-announcements/" title="Announcements">Announcements</a></li><li><a href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/contactus/" title="Contact us">Contact us</a></li><li><a href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/ssrn-faq/" title="FAQs">FAQs</a></li></ul></div></div><ul class="footer-social-links"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/SSRNcommunity/" title="SSRN on Facebook" aria-label="Facebook" role="link"><i class="icon icon-social-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/493409?trk=tyah&trkInfo=clickedVertical%3Acompany%2CentityType%3AentityHistoryName%2CclickedEntityId%3Acompany_493409%2Cidx%3A0" title="SSRN on Linkedin" aria-label="Linkedin" role="link"><i class="icon icon-social-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/SSRN" title="SSRN on Twitter" aria-label="Twitter" role="link"><i class="icon icon-social-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li></ul><div class="footer-elsevier"><div class="footer-left"><a class="logo-elsevier" target="_blank" href="http://www.elsevier.com/" title="Elsevier"></a></div><div class="footer-left"><div class="footer-links"><a href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/dmca-notice-policy/" title="Copyright">Copyright</a><a href="https://privwww.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/terms-of-use/" title="Terms and Conditions">Terms and Conditions</a><a target="_blank" href="https://www.elsevier.com/legal/privacy-policy" title="Privacy Policy">Privacy Policy</a></div><div class="footer-text"><p>We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content.<br/>By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies. To learn more, visit <a href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/ssrn-faq/#cookies">our Cookies page</a>.<span class="icon-gizmo-lightning alwaysshowme"><span class="tooltip top" role="tooltip"><span class="tooltip-arrow"></span><span class="tooltip-inner">This page was processed by aws-apollo1 in <span id="serverTime">  1.257</span> seconds <span id="loadingtime"></span></span></span></span></p></div></div><div class="footer-right"><a class="logo-relx" target="_blank" href="http://www.relx.com/" title="RELX"></a></div></div></div></nav><!--END FOOTER--><script src="https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfincludes/generic-toastr/generic-toastr.js"></script>        <script src="https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfincludes/feedback-module/feedback-module.js"></script>        <script src="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/Scripts/versions-groups.js?v=410"></script><script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"        integrity="sha384-Tc5IQib027qvyjSMfHjOMaLkfuWVxZxUPnCJA7l2mCWNIpG9mGCD8wGNIcPD7Txa"        crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script language="javascript">function changePage(strURL){        document.searchForm.action = strURL;        document.searchForm.submit();}function removeST(intST) {    var lstCurrST = document.getElementById("strSearchTerm").value.split(",");    var lstNewST = "";    for (i = 0; i < lstCurrST.length; i++) {        if (i != (intST - 1)) {            if (lstNewST == "") {                lstNewST = lstCurrST[i];            } else {                lstNewST = lstNewST + "," + lstCurrST[i];            }        }    }    document.searchForm.strSearchTerm.value = lstNewST;    document.searchForm.strSearchTerm.value = lstNewST;    if (lstNewST.length < 1) {        // force original Sphinx search        document.searchForm.iSearchWithinDone.value = 0;    }    document.searchForm.submit();}function resortResults(intType) {    let sortType = "ab_title";    let sortOrder = "asc";    if (intType == 1) {        sortType = "ab_title";        sortOrder = "asc";    } else if (intType == 2) {        sortType = "ab_title";        sortOrder = "desc";    } else if (intType == 3) {        sortType = "numHits";        sortOrder = "asc";    } else if (intType == 4) {        sortType = "numHits";        sortOrder = "desc";    } else if (intType == 5) {        sortType = "ab_approval_date";        sortOrder = "asc";    } else if (intType == 6) {        sortType = "ab_approval_date";        sortOrder = "desc";    }    document.searchForm.orderBy.value = " " + sortType + " " + sortOrder + " ";    if (document.searchForm.action.indexOf("orderBy") != -1) {        document.searchForm.action = document.searchForm.action.replace(/orderBy=.*?&/, "orderBy=" + sortType + "&");    } else {        document.searchForm.action += "&orderBy=" + sortType;    }    if (document.searchForm.action.indexOf("orderDir") != -1) {        document.searchForm.action = document.searchForm.action.replace(/orderDir=.*?&/, "orderDir=" + sortOrder + "&");    } else {        document.searchForm.action += "&orderDir=" + sortOrder;    }    document.searchForm.strSelectedOption.value = intType;    if (document.searchForm.action.indexOf("strSelectedOption") != -1) {        document.searchForm.action = document.searchForm.action.replace(/strSelectedOption=./, "strSelectedOption=" + intType);    } else {        document.searchForm.action += "&strSelectedOption=" + intType;    }    document.searchForm.submit();}function filterByJournal(intType) {    document.searchForm.action = "?form_name=journalBrowse&journal_id=" + intType;    document.searchForm.submit();}$('.more-collapse').on('click', function (ev) {    ev.preventDefault();    if ($(this).html() != "More...") {        $(this).parent().prev().hide();        $(this).html("More...")    } else {        $(this).parent().prev().show();        $(this).html("Collapse...");    }});$('.search-within-btn').on('click', function () {    $('.search-within').show();    $(this).hide();});$('.popover-curtain').on('click', function () {    $('.link-to-this-page').popover('hide');    $(this).hide();});$('.link-to-this-page')        .popover({            trigger: 'manual',            html: 'true',            placement: 'bottom',            content: function () {                $('.popover-curtain').show();                return $('#divContentLinkToThisPage').html();            }        })        .on('click', function (e) {            $(this).popover('show');            e.preventDefault();        });</script></body></html>