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"+" : X<0 ? "-" : " " }function CreateXmlHttpObj1() {try {XmlHttpObj1 = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");}catch(e) {try{XmlHttpObj1 = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");}catch(oc) {XmlHttpObj1 = null;}}if(!XmlHttpObj1 && typeof XMLHttpRequest != "undefined") {XmlHttpObj1 = new XMLHttpRequest();}}function loadingTime() {//calculate the current time in afterloadvar afterload = (new Date()).getTime();//calculate the secondsclientTime = (afterload-beforeload)/1000;serverTime =  parseFloat(document.getElementById("serverTime").innerHTML);totalTime = (clientTime + serverTime).toFixed(3);document.getElementById("loadingtime").innerHTML = "and delivered in " + totalTime + " seconds";}function addLoadEvent(func) {var oldonload = window.onload;if (typeof window.onload != 'function') {window.onload = func;} else {window.onload = function() {if (oldonload) {oldonload();}func();}}}</script>    <title>SSRN JEL Code: J00</title>    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">    <meta name="robots" content="noindex">        <meta name="description" content="SSRN JEL Code: J00">        <meta name="keywords" content="SSRN, JEL Code: J00">        <link rel="search"              type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"  href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/opensearchdescription.xml"              title="SSRN" />    <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script></head>    <body class="new-layout"><div id="genericToastr" class="generic-toastr"><div class="toastr-icon"><i id="toastrIcon"></i></div><div id="toastrMessage" class="toastr-mesage"></div><div class="toastr-close"><i class="icon icon-gizmo-delete" onclick="closeToastr()"></i></div><div class="toastr-link"><a id="toastrLink" href="#"></a></div></div>    <script language="javascript">//Language functionsfunction changeLanguage1(language, response){$.ajax({url: '/AltLanguage_ajax.cfm?type=changeLanguage&partid=1&strCode=en',cache: false,success: function(data) {// Update values in cookiesSet_Cookie('SITEID',language,'-1','/','.ssrn.com','');Set_Cookie('SITEID',language,'1000','/','.ssrn.com','');// Finally, perform redirectionif (response == 'reload') {window.location.reload();}else {window.location.href=response;}}});}function Set_Cookie( name, value, expires, path, domain, secure ) {// set time, its in millisecondsvar today = new Date();today.setTime( today.getTime() );/*if the expires variable is set, make the correctexpires time, the current script below will setit for x number of days, to make it for hours,delete * 24, for minutes, delete * 60 * 24*/if ( expires ) {expires = expires * 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24;}var expires_date = new Date( today.getTime() + (expires) );document.cookie = name + "=" +escape( value ) +( ( expires ) ? 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keyboard$('.has-sub-menu a').focus(function() {$(this).parents("li").addClass("focus");}).blur(function() {$(this).parents("li").removeClass("focus");});});// Show translation notice on change$('.dropdown-lang').on('change', function() {toggleTranslationNote();});// Accordion functionality on Footer MOvar $collapseBtn = $('h4[data-toggle="collapse"]'),$collapsableContent = $('.collapsable');$collapseBtn.on('click', function(){var $this = $(this),$parent = $this.parent(),$thisCollapsable = $parent.find('.collapsable');$collapsableContent.slideUp('fast');if ( !$thisCollapsable.is(":visible") ) {$thisCollapsable.slideDown('fast');}});// Show translation notice on footerfunction toggleTranslationNote() {$('.translation-notice').toggle();}});//Language functionfunction changeLanguage(lang){        var curretUrl = window.location.href;        if(curretUrl.indexOf('&lng') != -1) {            var new_url = curretUrl.substring(0, curretUrl.indexOf('&lng'));    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class="box-container"><header><form name="searchForm" id="searchForm" action="?form_name=Jel&code=J00&lim=false" method="post">    <h1 class="section-title">    <div>Search Results</div>    <span>JEL Code: J00</span></h1>            <div class="organization-header">
            <div class="info">
                
                                
                
                    <strong>   177,706 </strong>Total downloads
                                
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Harvey</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2024" target="_blank">David A. Hirshleifer</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Stanford Graduate School of Business, Duke University - Fuqua School of Business and University of California, Irvine - Paul Merage School of Business                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>25,196</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2462059" id="div_2462059">                        <div class="actions">                            2.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2462059">Pitching Research®</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 37</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 04 Jul 2014</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 08 May 2019</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=246387" target="_blank">Robert W. Faff</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Queensland                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>17,173</span>                                                        </div>  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href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1838403">Forced Labour and Human Trafficking: Estimating the Profits</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 21</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 13 May 2011</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=616444" target="_blank">Patrick Belser</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    International Labour Organization (ILO)                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span> 7,960</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2438299" id="div_2438299">                        <div class="actions">                            4.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>              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<span>Last Revised: 16 Jan 2016</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=16198" target="_blank">Campbell R. Harvey</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Duke University - Fuqua School of Business                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span> 7,042</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_2479670" id="div_2479670">                        <div class="actions">                            5.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2479670">Bitcoin Myths and Facts</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 10</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 16 Aug 2014</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 20 Nov 2017</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=16198" target="_blank">Campbell R. Harvey</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Duke University - Fuqua School of Business                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span> 5,630</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_3263878" id="div_3263878">                        <div class="actions">                            6.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3263878">Artificial Intelligence in Human Resources Management: Challenges and a Path Forward</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 34</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 01 Nov 2018</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 15 Apr 2019</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=80964" target="_blank">Peter Cappelli</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=744163" target="_blank">Prasanna Tambe</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=905211" target="_blank">Valery Yakubovich</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Pennsylvania Wharton School - Center for Human Resources, Wharton School, U. 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Boyd School of Law Legal Studies Research Paper No. 10-04</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 18</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 10 Apr 2009</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 10 Mar 2010</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=543370" target="_blank">Ann McGinley</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of Nevada, Las Vegas, William S. 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                         <span>Number of pages: 16</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 02 Mar 2013</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2008745" target="_blank">Mark Wilson</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">       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Balancing Flexibility and Security in EU Member States</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 27</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 21 May 2008</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=806078" target="_blank">Ton Wilthagen</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=408451" target="_blank">F.H. 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2006</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=155308" target="_blank">Jochen Kluve</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Humboldt University of Berlin                                    </div>                                                                                             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The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Employment[J]. 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                              <span>Last Revised: 04 Feb 2019</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=292365" target="_blank">Sudheer Chava</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=655634" target="_blank">Alexander Oettl</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=847216" target="_blank">Manpreet Singh</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2421581" target="_blank">Linghang Zeng</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Georgia Institute of Technology - Scheller College of Business, Georgia Institute of Technology - Strategic Management Area, Georgia Institute of Technology and Babson College - Finance Division                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                            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                                                          <span>Number of pages: 88</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 16 May 2005</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=337751" target="_blank">Orly Lobel</a>                                    </div>                                    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Boettke</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1352425" target="_blank">William J. Luther</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    George Mason University - Department of Economics and Florida Atlantic University                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  627</span>        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           class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=385725">Effects of Immigration on Labour Markets and Government Budgets - an Overview</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 45</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 14 Apr 2003</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                 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(OECD) - Division of non-Member Economies and International Migration                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  620</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                      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href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1159379">Energy Security, Green Job Creation, and Youth Innovation</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>Connecticut Journal of International Law, Vol. 24, p. 381, 2009</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 17</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 14 Jul 2008</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 29 Sep 2013</span>                    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                   <div><i>South Texas Law Review, Vol. 49, No. 4, 2008</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 42</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 14 Sep 2008</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=709717" target="_blank">David Allen Larson</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Mitchell | Hamline School of Law                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                               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                                                  <span>Posted: 25 Oct 2005</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=337751" target="_blank">Orly Lobel</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of San Diego School of Law                                    </div>                 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Rethinking Domestic Violence</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>Brigham Young University Law Review, Forthcoming, UNC Legal Studies Research Paper No. 937110</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 80</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 13 Oct 2006</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=79639" target="_blank">Deborah M. Weissman</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of North Carolina School of Law                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  577</span>                                            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href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1118725">Mapping Out Flexicurity Pathways in the European Union</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 22</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 14 Apr 2008</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 28 Aug 2009</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=806078" target="_blank">Ton Wilthagen</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Tilburg University                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                          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Lipson</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Temple University - James E. Beasley School of Law                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  568</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_558821" id="div_558821">                        <div class="actions">                            48.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=558821">The Political Economy of Recent Economic Growth in India</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 31</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 05 Aug 2004</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=199809" target="_blank">Raghbendra Jha</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Australian National University (ANU) - Australia South Asia Research Centre (ASARC)                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span>  562</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="trow abs abs_339240" id="div_339240">                        <div class="actions">                            49.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=339240">The Implications of Tipping for Economics and Management</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                                <div><i>International Journal of Social Economics, Forthcoming</i>                                    </div>                                                                    <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 21</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 16 Jan 2003</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Accepted Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=337316" target="_blank">Ofer H. 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