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0;var XmlHttpObj1;function Sign(X) { return X>0 ? 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"-" : " " }function CreateXmlHttpObj1() {try {XmlHttpObj1 = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");}catch(e) {try{XmlHttpObj1 = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");}catch(oc) {XmlHttpObj1 = null;}}if(!XmlHttpObj1 && typeof XMLHttpRequest != "undefined") {XmlHttpObj1 = new XMLHttpRequest();}}function loadingTime() {//calculate the current time in afterloadvar afterload = (new Date()).getTime();//calculate the secondsclientTime = (afterload-beforeload)/1000;serverTime =  parseFloat(document.getElementById("serverTime").innerHTML);totalTime = (clientTime + serverTime).toFixed(3);document.getElementById("loadingtime").innerHTML = "and delivered in " + totalTime + " seconds";}function addLoadEvent(func) {var oldonload = window.onload;if (typeof window.onload != 'function') {window.onload = func;} else {window.onload = function() {if (oldonload) {oldonload();}func();}}}</script>    <title>SSRN JEL Code: C30</title>    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">    <meta name="robots" content="noindex">        <meta name="description" content="SSRN JEL Code: C30">        <meta name="keywords" content="SSRN, JEL Code: C30">        <link rel="search"              type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"  href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/opensearchdescription.xml"              title="SSRN" />    <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script></head>    <body class="new-layout"><div id="genericToastr" class="generic-toastr"><div class="toastr-icon"><i id="toastrIcon"></i></div><div id="toastrMessage" class="toastr-mesage"></div><div class="toastr-close"><i class="icon icon-gizmo-delete" onclick="closeToastr()"></i></div><div class="toastr-link"><a id="toastrLink" href="#"></a></div></div>    <script language="javascript">//Language functionsfunction changeLanguage1(language, response){$.ajax({url: '/AltLanguage_ajax.cfm?type=changeLanguage&partid=1&strCode=en',cache: false,success: function(data) {// Update values in cookiesSet_Cookie('SITEID',language,'-1','/','.ssrn.com','');Set_Cookie('SITEID',language,'1000','/','.ssrn.com','');// Finally, perform redirectionif (response == 'reload') {window.location.reload();}else {window.location.href=response;}}});}function Set_Cookie( name, value, expires, path, domain, secure ) {// set time, its in millisecondsvar today = new Date();today.setTime( today.getTime() );/*if the expires variable is set, make the correctexpires time, the current script below will setit for x number of days, to make it for hours,delete * 24, for minutes, delete * 60 * 24*/if ( expires ) {expires = expires * 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24;}var expires_date = new Date( today.getTime() + (expires) );document.cookie = name + "=" +escape( value ) +( ( expires ) ? 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class="box-container"><header><form name="searchForm" id="searchForm" action="?form_name=Jel&code=C30&lim=false" method="post">    <h1 class="section-title">    <div>Search Results</div>    <span>JEL Code: C30</span></h1>            <div class="organization-header">
            <div class="info">
                
                                
                
                    <strong>   100,787 </strong>Total downloads
                                
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Larcker</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=113360" target="_blank">Tjomme O. Rusticus</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Stanford University - Graduate School of Business and University of Minnesota                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                    <p><a class="btn-link versions-btn" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-label="Open tooltip with 2 versions of this paper" ><img src="https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfincludes/img/icons/icon-small-multipleversion.png" alt="Multiple version icon">There are <span>2</span> versions of this paper</a></p><div class="tooltip bottom-left versions-tooltip" role="tooltip" id="versions-tooltip"><i class="icon-gizmo-delete tooltip-close" aria-label="Close modal" title="Close modal" role="button" tabindex="0" onkeypress="return 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class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=843185">The Bad, the Weak, and the Ugly: Avoiding the Pitfalls of Instrumental Variables Estimation</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 45</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 08 Nov 2005</span>                                                                                                            </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series              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Gordon</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=840337" target="_blank">Ganapathi S. Narayanamoorthy</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=390801" target="_blank">Ling Zhou</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    Yale School of Management, Temple University - Department of Accounting, Tulane University - Accounting & Taxation and University of New Mexico                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <div class="keywords">                                                                                                                                                    </div>                                                        </div>                                                                                    <div class="downloads">                                                                <span>Downloads</span>                                <span> 2,941</span>                                                        </div>                            </div>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <div class="trow abs abs_1069480" id="div_1069480">                        <div class="actions">                            4.                                                                                                    <i class="icn icn-free"></i>                                                                                         </div>                            <div class="description">                                                                                                                        <h3>                                    <span><a                                            class="title optClickTitle" href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1069480">Corporate Governance and Audit Fees: Evidence of Countervailing Relations</a>                                </span>                                </h3>                                                                                                                            <div class="note note-list">                                                                                <span>Number of pages: 55</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Posted: 14 Dec 2007</span>                                                                                                                    <span>Last Revised: 04 Sep 2008</span>                                                                        </div>                                                                                            <div class="afiliations">                                    Working Paper Series                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                    <div class="authors-list">                                    <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=252316" target="_blank">Paul A. Griffin</a>, <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=11269" target="_blank">David H. Lont</a> and <a href="https://privpapers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=518529" target="_blank">Estelle Sun</a>                                    </div>                                    <div class="afiliations">                                    University of California, Davis - Graduate School of Management, University of Otago - Department of Accountancy and Finance and Boston University - Questrom School of Business                                    </div>                                                                                                                                                                                    <p><a class="btn-link versions-btn" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-label="Open tooltip with 2 versions of this paper" ><img src="https://privstatic.ssrn.com/cfincludes/img/icons/icon-small-multipleversion.png" alt="Multiple version icon">There are <span>2</span> versions of this paper</a></p><div class="tooltip bottom-left 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